Cicadas, iconic insects inhabiting temperate to tropical regions worldwide, are renowned for their deafening calls—and often reviled for the noise that earns them a reputation as bothersome pests. These arthropods, belonging to the family Cicadidae, blend distinctive physical traits with a life cycle that spans years underground before their brief, noisy emergence.
heir anatomy is adapted for both acoustic mastery and survival. Cicadas possess two pairs of membranous wings with similar shapes, stretched over a broad, short head where the frontal labium base protrudes noticeably. Vision is keen, supported by widely spaced compound eyes on either side of the head and three ocelli (simple eyes) that detect light and movement. This visual array helps them navigate treetops and avoid predators during their adult phase.
But it is their auditory prowess that defines them. Male cicadas produce calls up to 120 decibels—louder than a chainsaw—using abdominal "tymbals" that vibrate rapidly. These songs, intended to attract mates, can synchronize across entire populations, creating a deafening chorus. While their noise irritates humans, cicadas play vital ecological roles: nymphs aerate soil as they burrow, and adults serve as prey for birds, mammals, and other insects. Their periodic mass emergences, like North America’s 17 - year cicadas, even fertilize forests as billions of bodies decompose, a paradoxical blend of nuisance and natural necessity.
